justice [n.]

1. just behaviour or treatment. 2. the quality of being just. 3. the administration of law or some other authority according to the principles of just behaviour and treatment. 4. a judge or magistrate. PHRASES bring someone to justice, arrest and try someone in court for a crime; do oneself justice, perform as well as one is able; do someone/thing justice, treat or represent someone or something with due fairness.
- ORIGIN Old French justise ‘administration of the law’, from Latin jus ‘law, right’.

Oxford Dictionaries

Links are to information and resources for units and topics covered in this subject at a range of Australian universities. It does not attempt to include all these. Be aware some units/topics have different titles in different universities, even though content may be the same or similar. Australian information is supplied wherever possible. They are at undergraduate level and listed in alphabetical groupings for ease of access. Some information may be useful at a higher level.

In addition, there are journals, search engines, reference material and other general information where these are seen to be relevant.

This page covers information contained in the alphabetical groupings A - F and G - L.

The Second Page covers information contained in the alphabetical groupings M - R and S - Z.

Additional unit material will be included as time permits. If you are aware of any worthwhile information which is not included, suggestions or additions are welcome and will be given every consideration.

A - F

Australian Criminal Justice System

Major institutions and agencies involved, how they operate and influence.

Courts & Tribunals

• Courts & Tribunals
  Annotated links. Federal courts & tribunals.
• Courts and Tribunals [2]
  States and territories and the national system.

General Information

• A Constitutional Right To A Fair Trial ?
  Implications For The Reform Of The Australian Criminal Justice System. Federal Law Review article by Janet Hope.
• Australian Institute of Criminology
  ‘National crime and criminal justice research agency. It plays an important role conducting timely and proactive research on crime and criminology, and disseminating information’. Check Publications for print material.
• Australasian Legal Information Institute
  Information on law and legal requirements.
• Australian Law on the Internet
  Annotated links from the National Library. Three major headings - Main Sites, Law by Jurisdiction, Legal Profession.
• Australian Social Trends 1997 Crime & Justice
  Crime & Justice : The Criminal Justice System. Australian Bureau of Statistics. latest data.
• Australian State And Territory Law Reform Agencies
  Links, contact details. Also has Law Reform Resources.
• Australia’s Legal & Justice System
  Attorney General’s Department. Select from the Multiple topics from Justices of the Peace to Building an Evidence Base for the Civil Justice System. Listed under the main heading above.
• Caslon Analytics
  ‘This site concerns the intersection of law, digital technology, business and society. It includes over 1 820 pages [2.38 million words] about regulatory issues, markets, demographics, business models, social trends and technologies’.
• Crimtrac
  ‘Assists Australian police services to take advantage of opportunities opened up by forensic science, information technology and communications advances. Also provides national police record checking services to accredited agencies to assist in pre-employment probity checking’.
• Federal Law Review
  ‘Outstanding chronicle of contemporary legal controversies in Australia. Especially for those who live with the Australian Constitution and federal law, the Review is part of essential reading’.
• Legal Resources
  Links. Covers Australian information.
• Queensland Law and Justice Journal
  Accessible articles on topics in both areas.
• Twenty-First Century Australian Criminology …
  Textbooks And The Reproduction Of A Discipline
• World Factbook of Criminal Justice Systems
  Basic introduction to the Australian Criminal Justice System.

Police Services - State & Territory

• Australian Capital Territory Police
• New South Wales Police
• Northern Territory Police
• Queensland Police
• South Australia Police
• Tasmania Police
• Victoria Police
• Western Australia Police
• Composition of Australia’s Police Services
  Australian Government. Statistical information.
• Police Services
  Annotated links to Federal Police services.

Prison Systems

Tribunals, other Justice Systems. States & Territories.

• Australian Prisons and Detention Centres
  Links for all states & territories. Links to other listings.
• Australian Capital Territory
• New South Wales
• Queensland
• South Australia
• Tasmania
• Victoria
• Western Australia

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Databases

• Criminal Justice Mega-Sites
  Dominantly US-based.
• Criminal Theory Links
  Mega-sites, Philosophy of Science, Individual theorists.
• Cybrary
  ‘The World’s Criminal Justice Directory’. Searchable database.
• The Ultimate List of Criminal Justice Links

Forensic Criminology

Criminalistics, investigation, forensic science, profiling, DNA, forensic environments.

• American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
  ‘Original articles, as well as provocative discussions of the forensic pathologist’s expanding role’. Abstracts, full-text articles from current and past issues.
• Carpenter’s Forensic Science Resources
  Links under 20 major headings from Criminalistics and Trace Evidence to Forensic DNA Analysis.
  Excellent !.
• Crime & Clues
  The Art and Science of Criminal Investigation. News, search mechanism, recommended reading, 10 content sections with annotated links.
• DNA.gov : DNA Databases
  Information about DNA Databases from the US. Also has links to other forensic tools. For Australian information, go to DNA database systems [ALRC].
• Forensic DNA Links
  Links from Forensic Bioinformatics to What every Law Enforcement Officer should Know.
• Forensic Medicine/Science
  News articles, links, Free stuff, downloads, textbooks.
• FORENSICnetBASE
  ‘For the latest techniques in forensic analysis, the right questions to ask an expert witness, or case studies to present in the classroom, chances are you’ll find it on FORENSICnetBASE/LawENFORCEMENTnetBASE’. Books to access. Fee-based.
• Forensic Pharmacist
  ‘Application of medication sciences to legal issues. Forensic pharmacists engage in professional work relating to litigation, the regulatory process, the criminal justice system’. Information, bibliography, links.
  Fee-based article.
• Forensic Psychiatry Resources
  Links listing.
• PathMax : Forensic Pathology
  Links in multiple sections.
• The World of Forensic Psychology
  A Free and Comprehenisive Guide. Home page for a wealth of information using either the links on the main section or the menu on the left. Some sections are peculiarly US oriented, e.g. Degree Directories, while others, e.g. FAQs, history, what it is, etc., will apply everywhere.
• Forensic Science
  Murdoch University.
• Investigative Links 2005
  Links in directories.
• Law Enforcement Software
  Annotated listing of quite a large number of pieces of software. Fee-based.
• Lawpsych
  The Forensic Psychology and Psychiatry WebRing. ‘Promote understanding of the fields of forensic psychology and psychiatry’.
• Moenssen’s Forensic Evidence Resources
  Links under eight headings. General Information to Police Procedures.
• Reddy’s Forensic Page
  Links in 41 directories. Forensic Science Journals, Books, Forensic Databases, Forensic Entomology, Arson, Ballistics, Ethics, Forensic Science.
  Excellent !

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G - L

General Sites

• A Guide To Understanding Criminological Theory
  ‘This page provides practice at three important skills’.
• Criminal Justice
  From Intute. Annotated links to articles, information, websites, more.
• Criminal Justice History Resources
  ‘6 general time periods. The time period is determined by the earliest time it covers. Also general history resources’.
• Law Journals
  Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge. Listing of journals.
• Law Reports On The World-Wide Web
  Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge. ‘National [UK] and international law reports published on the internet’.

Global Criminology

Systems in countries and regions of the world including specific examples e.g. religion & law, capital punishment, … .

British Criminology

• British Journal of Criminology
• British Society of Criminology
  ‘To further the interests and knowledge, both academic & professional, of persons engaged in any aspect of teaching and research, advance & research public education about crime, criminal behaviour, and the criminal justice systems in the United Kingdom’.
• UK Criminal Justice Web Links
  A second set of Useful Links : Criminal Justice are found here.
• UK Law Online
  Online book looking at British Law ,including the impact of European law.

Capital Punishment

Also known as the Death Penalty. Arguments for and against. Information from several countries.

• 1 000+ Death Penalty Links
  By a Prosecuting Attorney’s Office in the US. 58 sections. Not just US but international information.
• Capital Punishment
  Contemporary use, history, controversy & debate, religious views, depiction in the arts & media, references, links to further information. From Wikipedia.
• Capital Punishment [IEP]
  Internet Encyclopaedia of Philosophy. Article based on 4 major points.
• Capital Punishment U.K.
  Capital punishment in Britain, British cases, some international cases, capital punishment worldwide, execution methods, histories of execution places and prisons in the UK.
• Death Penalty in Australia
  Brief introduction with links to further information. A background paper, The Death Penalty in Australia and Overseas, is found here. NSW Council of Civil Liberties.
• Death Penalty Information Centre
  ‘Serving the media and the public with analysis and information on issues concerning capital punishment. Widely quoted and consulted by all concerned with the death penalty’. US based.
• Human Rights - Death Penalty
  Introduction, links covering facts, law, general sites, regional sites, abolitionist sites, pro death penalty sites, death row, prisons, documents, reports, articles, education resources, forums, blogs, experts, more.
• The Death Penalty
  ‘Interactive exploration of capital punishment : students act as jurors, legislators, concerned citizens; includes arguments for and against, stages in the process, history, methods of execution, state by state data, courtroom cases’. Additional resources. US.

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European Criminology & Law

• Conference Information
  The European Society of Criminology. Programs, Abstracts for all conferences.
• European Society of Criminology
  ‘Foster criminological scholarship, research, education and training and encourage scholarly, scientific and practical exchange and cooperation among criminologists in Europe and elsewhere’.
• Europol
  European or European-related policing and information groups.
• Scandinavian Research Council for Criminology
  ‘Further criminological research within the member countries and advise the Scandinavian governments and Council on issues related to criminology’.

Other Sites

• Canadian Criminal Justice Resource Page
  ‘Criminal justice; corrections and life inside a prison; restorative justice; crime prevention; victims of crime; juvenile delinquency; and law enforcement; government and media sites’.
• Comparative Criminal Justice Resources
  International, United Kingdom, France, Sweden, Japan, Russian Federation and China. Other links.
• Comparative Criminology
  Crime & Society, A Comparative Criminology Tour of the World. ‘Select continent, then country, or select a country listed below the world map’. Access data on criminology relevant to that country, links to specific topics, related areas. Most countries.
• Criminology - A Sociological Introduction
  ebook which can be purchased whole or by chapter. PDF format.
• Criminology Links
  Cambridge University, Institute of Criminology.
• Criminology Mega-Site
  Terminology, history, motives, policy. Also looks at theories used.
• Criminology - Useful Links
  Alphabetically listed links. University of Oxford Centre for Criminology.
• CrimLinks
  ‘Helps practitioners, academics and students find key online sources quickly’. The Criminology page has annotated world links.
• Internet Journal Of Criminology
  Article, undergraduate dissertations, primary research papers, links.
• Interpol
  ‘Largest international police organization in the world. Facilitates cross-border criminal police cooperation and today has 184 member countries over five continents. Supports and assists all organisations, authorities and services whose mission is to prevent or combat international crime’.
• National Institute of Justice International
  ‘Stimulate, facilitate, evaluate and disseminate both national and international criminal justice research and information’.
• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
  Information on a global basis. Directories on Crime Programmes to Trafficking in Human Beings.
• World Justice Information Network
  ‘International criminal justice links, news and publications’. Courts, law enforcement, transnational organised crime, more.

United States

• American Society of Criminology
  Abstracts, publications, links, society information.
• Bureau of Justice Statistics
  ‘Primary source for criminal justice statistics’. Extensive data available.
• Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School
  Criminology information in the US and other countries.
• National Criminal Justice Reference Service
  US, some international information. US under several major headings.
• World Factbook of Criminal Justice Systems
  A bit outdated but covers 45 world countries.

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